Physical safety

Worked example 16 marks

1. 1

   Hazard 1: Trailing cables. The power and data cables for the new equipment might run across the floor from the wall socket to the desk, creating a trip hazard.

2. 2

   Solution 1: Use cable covers to secure the cables to the floor, or re-route the cables along walls or under the desk using cable ties or trunking.

3. 3

   Hazard 2: Overloaded sockets. Plugging the new computer and printer into an already-used extension lead could overload the wall socket, creating a fire risk.

4. 4

   Solution 2: Ensure each piece of high-power equipment is plugged into a separate wall socket where possible. If an extension lead is necessary, use a surge-protected one and ensure the total load does not exceed its rating.

5. 5

   Hazard 3: Liquid spills. If the user places drinks next to the new equipment, a spill could cause an electric shock or permanently damage the hardware.

6. 6

   Solution 3: Implement a 'no drinks at the desk' policy. Alternatively, ensure users use cups with secure lids to minimise the risk of spills.

Worked example 16 marks

1. 1

   Problem 1: Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI). This is pain and damage to muscles, nerves, and tendons in the hands, wrists, and arms, caused by making the same small movements over and over again, such as typing or using a mouse.

2. 2

   Prevention 1: Take regular breaks from typing to stretch your hands and wrists. Use a wrist rest to keep your wrists straight, and ensure your keyboard and mouse are positioned comfortably.

3. 3

   Problem 2: Back and Neck Pain. This is often caused by poor posture, such as slouching in a chair that does not provide adequate support, or having a monitor at the wrong height, forcing the neck to bend.

4. 4

   Prevention 2: Use a fully adjustable chair that supports the lower back (lumbar region). Adjust the chair height so your feet are flat on the floor. Position the monitor so the top of the screen is at or just below eye level.

5. 5

   Problem 3: Eye Strain (Computer Vision Syndrome). Symptoms include tired, sore eyes, headaches, and blurred vision. It is caused by staring at a bright screen for a long time, screen glare, and improper monitor distance.

6. 6

   Prevention 3: Follow the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds. Use an anti-glare screen filter and ensure the room has adequate lighting that doesn't reflect off the screen. The monitor should be about an arm's length away.

Worked example 15 marks

1. 1

   Evaluation: Using a laptop directly on a desk for long periods is inherently non-ergonomic. The screen is too low, forcing the neck to bend down, and the attached keyboard forces the wrists into an awkward angle.

2. 2

   Suggestion 1: Use an external monitor or a laptop stand. This allows the screen to be raised so that the top of the screen is at eye level. This corrects the neck posture and alleviates neck pain.

3. 3

   Suggestion 2: Use an external keyboard and mouse. With the laptop now on a stand, an external keyboard and mouse are necessary. This allows the user to position the keyboard and mouse at a comfortable distance and height, keeping their elbows at a 90-degree angle and their wrists straight, which will reduce wrist soreness.

4. 4

   Suggestion 3: Take scheduled micro-breaks. The worker should set a timer to remind them to stand up, stretch, and look away from the screen for a minute or two every 30 minutes. This helps to relieve muscle tension and reduce eye strain.